Extras din curs
ADJECTIVUL
Gradele de comparatie
1) pozitiv = adjectivul nu se schimba
2) comparativ - de inferioritate (2.1.)
- de egalitate (2.2.)
- de superioritate (2.3.)
3) superlativ - relativ (3.1.)
- absolut (3.2.)
2.1. Comparativ de inferioritate
- pt adj scurte (mono si bisilabice) se formeaza din:
not so/not as + adj + as
Ex: This room is not so big as the bedroom.
sau
This room is not as big as the bedroom.
- pt adj lungi se formeaza:
less + adj + than
Ex: The chair is less comfortable than the bed.
2.2. Comparativ de egalitate
Atat pt adj scurte cat si pt lungi:
as + adj + as
Ex: The bed is as good as the chair.
Ideea de egalitate mai poate fi sugerata si prin constructia:
the same + subst + as
! as si nu like !!!
Ex: This room is the same size as the other one.
Schimbare de valoare gramaticala
Adjectiv Substantiv
big, small size (masura)
long, short length (lungime)
broad, narrow breadth (largime pt ceva concret)
wide, narrow width (largime pt ceva abstract)
high, low height (inaltime)
deep, shallow depth (adancime)
heavy, light weight (greutate)
strong, weak strength (putere)……..etc.
Constructii cu comparativul de egalitate:
as brave as a lion
as blind as a bat
as black as coal
as busy as a bee
as cool as a cucumber
as clear as daylight
as dry as a bone
as easy as ABC
as fresh as a daisy
as hairy as a gorilla
as mad as a hatter (palarier)
as poor as a church-mouse
as silent as a grave
as wise as Solomon
as soft as silk
as smooth as grass
as gentle as a lamb…….etc.
2.3. Comparativul de superioritate
- pt adj scurte
adj + er + than
Modificari ortografice:
1) daca adj se termina in “e”, se adauga doar “r”
Ex: nice – nicer
2) daca adj se termina in “y” precedat de consoana, se transforma “y” in “ier”
Ex: pretty – prettier
Exceptii: shy – shyer
sly – slyer
wry – wryer (stramb)
3) daca adj se termina in consoana precedata de vocala, dublez consoana finala
Ex: big – bigger
- pt adj lungi
more + adj + than
Ex: The book is more interesting than the movie.
Adj provenite din latina sunt urmate de “to” si nu de “than”
Ex: He is superior to me.
3.1. Superlativul relativ
the + adj +est
Ex: large – the largest
silly – the silliest
Modificarile ortografice sunt la fel.
Pentru adj lungi:
the most+ adj
Ex: This is the most expensive thing.
! dupa superlativ urmeaza prepozitiile “of” sau “in”
Ex: He is the best of all/the best in my group.
! daca se face comparatie intre 2 elemente, comparativul implica superlativul:
the + comparativ
Ex: Between you and me, I am the older.
3.2. Superlativul absolut
very + adj
very poate fi inlocuit cu: extremely
exceptionally
tremendously
awfully
! nu toate adj au grad de comparatie, unele definesc ideea de unitate (own, complete, proper, perfect, marvelous, maximum, minimum).
Altele au sufixe si prefixe:
extra – large
over – crowded
super – fine
ultra – short
priceless
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Conținut arhivă zip
- ADJECTIVUL.doc
- ADVERBUL.doc
- ARTICOLUL.doc
- CONJUNCTIA.doc
- DIVERSEbun.doc
- NUMERALUL.doc
- PREPOZITIA.doc
- VERBUL.doc