Integrarea Scolară și Socio-profesională a Tinerilor Delicventi

ARGUMENT

Întrucât, am facut voluntariat în cadrul Serviciului de Probatiune de pe lângă Tribunalul Neamt , am luat cunostintă de faptul că infractiunile comise de către minori au crescut ca incidentă si au cunoscut o diversificare din punct de vedere al formei, apărând noi tipuri de infractiuni, precum cele de natură electronică am ales să tratez aceste probleme în cadrul prezentei lucrări.

Tema abordată în prezenta lucrare este de mare actualitate acest lucru fiind demonstrat prin datele statistice care atestă gravitatea fenomenului delincventei în rândul tinerilor. În 2009, din totalul de 59.105 învinuiri, 11.400 au fost aduse minorilor (iar 2.188 din acestea au fost pentru infractiuni comise cu violentă).

Lucrarea de disertatie cu titlul ,, Integrarea scolară si socio-profesională a tinerilor delicventi’’ are ca scop identificarea datelor referitoare la fenomenul de delicventa în rândul tinerilor, întelegerea acestui fenomen si elaborarea de solutii în vederea ameliorării situatiei actuale, cu accent pe răspunederea penală si posibilitătile de reinsertie socială a minorilor delincventi.

Printre obiectivele prezentei lucrări de disertatie se regăsesc următoarele: definirea si explicarea conceptelor cheie, identificarea si prezentarea institutiilor socio-fundamentale de protectie a drepturilor a tinerilor aflati în conflict cu legea, identificarea factorilor de risc în reintegrarea tinerilor delincventi si identificarea unei modalităti de reintegrare a tinerilor delincventi în comunitate.

Accentul se pune pe pedepsirea infractiunii si nu pe reeducarea si bunăstarea copilului iar Serviciile de Probatiune tocmai acest lucru încearcă sa îl schimbe.

Toate aceste date îngrijorătoare si faptul că am intrat în contact pe perioada voluntariatului cu multe cazuri de minori care au săvârsit fapte penale, au determinat realizarea prezentei lucrari de disertatie în acest domeniu.

RESUME

Master's thesis with the title ,,School and socio-professional integration of young offenders'' is to identify data on the phenomenon of delinquency among young people, understanding this phenomenon and develop solutions to improve the current situation, focusing on criminal liability and opportunities for social reintegration of juvenile offenders.

The objectives of this dissertation work are included the following: define and explain key concepts, presentation of fundamental social institutions to protect the rights of young people in conflict with the law, identification of risk factors in the reintegration of young offenders and presenting ways to reintegrate young offenders community. The theme addressed in this paper is very topical and this is demonstrated by statistical data indicating the seriousness of the phenomenon of delinquency among youth.

Master's thesis reaching goals took the following form:

In the first chapter ,,Juvenile delinquency phenomenon of social reality'' is defined concepts: deviance, delinquency and juvenile delinquency. Deviance describes all behavior that departs substantially from accepted social norms and values recognized by most members of society and its functioning as a core social group and reference system. Juvenile refers to a type of conduct that violates law, viewed as a set of regulatory rules, enacted and enforced by state and political authority. Juvenile delinquency and breach of rules called the people who have not attained the age of majority.Then identify the underlying factors of behavioral deviantelor youth. All models are explained in this chapter that is juvenile delinquency: social control theory, theory asocierelor differentiated anomie theory and the theory of commitmen.

Chapter II ,,The fundamental social institutions to protect children's rights in conflict with criminal law'' is devoted primarily to the presentation and analysis involved in juvenile justice institutions. Thereafter to the juvenile justice system and the features of criminal liability for young offenders and to end the chapter are ways through which social control for young offenders.

By chapter III ''Risks in reintegrating juvenile offenders ‘’ was a research aimed at identifying risk factors in reintegrating juvenile offenders method we have chosen is a case study. Techniques used: documentation, observation, interview, interview. The four case studies was intended: the presentation of criminal, family and social environment presentation defendants educational and professional developments, past criminal behavior before and after committing the crime, identifying predisposing factors of criminal behavior, ways to intervene in the case of four youngers.

The last chapter ,,School and socio-professional integration of young people supervised in the community'' is devoted to an intervention project aimed at reducing the phenomenon of delinquency. The project consists of establishing a day center for education and socio-professional integration and resocialization of 25 male juvenile offenders, aged between 16 and 17 years of the Roman town. The center will carry out activities such as: education of juvenile offenders by specialized people with social skills and special training, good teachers (at the same time they come to school and normal school courses they are enrolled), psychological and pedagogical evaluation children, counseling, psychotherapy, cultural and extracurricular activities (excursions, watching some plays), the socialization of young people, strengthening the relationship between children and their families.

Upon completion of its investigations the following conclusions: probation services have arisen as a result of prison overcrowding and the desire to try to decrease the number of people who commit crimes especially of minors who commit crimes. If the first alternative to non-custodial sentence was reluctant, now grew and formed specialized services dealing with this and probation professionals. Taking into account the protection and promotion of child rights have been set up courts for minors, an essential element Romanian probation system, whose operation will significantly improve caliatea justice for children. In this context arises the juvenile judge, prosecutor and the police for minor children. Occurred when probation services not enjoyed a great recognition, especially from other older institutions, the department will need to work. This makes the work counselors are greater and the chances that they can achieve smaller goals. Today this has changed, probation services working well with these institutions, orphanages, governmental and nongovernmental organizations. Collaboration with these institutions and organizations is one of the best, in partnership with these many projects is taking place at Community and social order to reduce the risk of recidivism of persons in probation supervision, minors default.

The proposed project is a pilot center supports the work of probation services and is a buffer between the prison environment and community. In the juvenile center the young is in contact with other people change their leisure, things that helps him see that there are other useful ways of entertainment, which are both entertaining and educational.