Leveling Methods

Leveling methods

For studying and projecting engineering works the largest usefulness have the maps and plans on which are represented both planimetric details and the relief forms. Leveling is completing the planimetric surveys with the forms of relief giving thus a complete image of the earth’s surface that is represented on the plan.

Aplication Theme

For modernizing a street there has been made a leveling by geometric leveling from the mid-point between bench marks the elevation of which are know, combined with method of the cross section. We’re asked for the determination of the elevation of point, drawing up the longitudinal profile of the streets and the transversal profiles of the streets.

Data

1. The elevation of the support bench marks, A and B

2. The horizontal distances measured directly in the field between the points of the traverse and also from the axis of the road to each point in transversal section.

3. Readings on the road at the horizontal cross hair from each leveling station point.

The application will consist of:

1. Determination of the difference in elevation between the traverse point.

2. Determination of the closing error on differences in elevation and their compensation.

3. Determination of the elevation of the traverse point.

4. Determination of the elevation of the points of the longitudinal profile.

5. Drawing up the longitudinal profile of the streets axis, having the length scale as 1:1000 and the elevation scale 1:100.

6. Drawing up the transversal profiles, having both the length and elevation scale as 1:100.

Station Point Aimed Point Readings on the rod

(m) Elevation

(m) Mark no.

L2 L1 L0

S1 A 1.795 1.719 1.758 A

1 1.412 1.338 1.375 1

501 1.703 1.470 1.587 501

502 1.961 1.779 1.870 502

S2 1 1.788 1.719 1.753 1

2 1.423 1.341 1.384 2

503 1.973 1.744 1.860 503

504 2.265 2.087 2.178 504

S3 2 1.833 1.749 1.791 2

3 1.406 1.329 1.368 3

505 1.655 1.473 1.564 505

506 2.235 2.000 2.118 506

S4 3 1.698 1.662 1.680 3

4 1.482 1.443 1.463 4

507 1.635 1.449 1.542 507

508 2.473 2.241 2.356 508

S5 4 1.636 1.657 1.646 4

B 1.548 1.484 1.516 B

509 1.572 1.388 1.480 509

510 2.617 2.379 2.500 510