Cuprins
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Computer Logic
- 3 Computer Arithmetic
- 4 Instruction Set
- 5 Assembly Language
- 6 Processing Unit
- 7 Memory System
- 8 Input-Output
- 9 High Performance Computing
Extras din curs
1943-1946
Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer
18.000 vacuum tubes
30 tones
150 m2
140 kW
Decimal
5000 additions per second
John von Neumann
Power Source
Circuit Board - MotherBoard
Processor
Memory Slots
Chips
Rear/Front Connectors
Sockets where the edge connectors of I/O boards can be inserted
The job of a controller is to control its I/O device and handle bus access for it.
When a program wants data from the disk for example, it gives a command to the disk controller, which then issues seeks and other commands to the drive. When the proper track and sector have been located, the drive begins outputting the data as a serial bit stream to the controller. The controller breaks the bit stream up into units and sends them further.
A controller that reads or writes data to or from memory without CPU intervention performs DMA (Direct Memory Access).
When the transfer is completed, the controller normally causes an interrupt, forcing the CPU to suspend running its current program and start running a special procedure, called an interrupt handler, to check for errors, take any special action needed, and inform the operating system that the I/O is now finished. When the interrupt handler is finished, the CPU continues with the program that was suspended when the interrupt occurred
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