Cuprins
- Course’s content:
- TOPIC 1. COMBINED COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS
- TOPIC 2. INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNIQUES
- TOPIC 3. TECHNIQUES OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION
- TOPIC 4. TECHNIQUES OF INTERNATIONAL AUCTION
- TOPIC 5. COMMERCIAL CONTESTS (TENDERS)
- TOPIC 6. EXPORT OF INDUSTRIAL OBJECTIVES (PROJECTS)
- TOPIC 7. CONSULTING AND ENGINEERING ACTIVITY
- TOPIC 8. SHORT, MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM FINANCING TECHNIQUES
- TOPIC 9. SPECIAL FINANCING TECHNIQUES
- TOPIC 10. EUROMARKET FINANCING TECHNIQUES
Extras din curs
TOPIC 1. COMBINED COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS
1.1. Countertrade: genesis and determinant factors
1.2. Barter and offsets: specifics of carrying and contracting
1.3. Counter-purchase: participants and the mechanism of carrying.
1.4. Buy-back.
1.5. Re-export: reasons and the mechanism of carrying.
1.6. Re-import operation.
Combined commercial operations – international affaires that combine elements of import, export, service rendering etc. in a single transactional mechanism, designed an applied by the foreign trade departments or firms specialized in this domain.
Combined commercial
operations
- more complex character;
- Increased transactional value;
- more complex juridical basis - usually, thy consist of two or more contracts signed among which there is a certain link;
- increased risk;
- its realization requires an increased level of professionalism.
Forms of combined commercial operations:
I. Countertrade:
Barter
Offsets (Compensations)
Enlarged compensations
Clearing
Parallel operations Counter-purchase
Buy back
II. Re-export and re-import
- 1.1.Countertrade: genesis and determinant factors
Def. The countertrade operation consists of that transactions among which there is a contractual link, a conditioning of a buying transaction with a selling one.
History:
1626 – Peter Minuit, which was working for the Dutch East India Company, sold bovines, trinkets (brelocuri), blankets (paturi) worth 24 dollars for Manhattan Island.
1920-1930 – first stage of countertrade development (economic recession of 1929-1933) . In Latin America almost 90% of all intraregional trade was realized in counterpart. The object of counterpart was: natural resources, oil products, agricultural products;
1948-1949 – 2nd stage of countertrade development (after the II WW). According to WTO, almost 10 % of the international trade of 70-80s was performed in counterpart, but according to UNCTAD – 15-25% of international trade.
Conținut arhivă zip
- Topic 1.ppt
- TOPIC 2.ppt