Sisteme de prelucrare numerică cu procesoare

Ce este un sistem “EMBEDDED” ?

An embedded system is a special-purpose system in which the computer is completely encapsulated by or dedicated to the device or system it controls.

An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware and software, and perhaps additional mechanical or other parts, designed to perform a specific function.

A general definition of embedded systems is: embedded systems are computing systems with tightly coupled hardware and software integration, that are designed to perform a dedicated function.

Any electronic system that uses a CPU chip, but that is not a general-purpose workstation, desktop or laptop computer.

Definitie

Sistemele dedicate sunt combinatii de structuri de calcul hard si soft, circuite electronice si respectiv componente electromecanice, concepute pentru a realiza o functie specifica (dedicate unei aplicatii).

Unitatea de procesare a datelor (I)

Componenta hardware - implementare

Componente standard (microprocesoare (uP), microcontrolere (uC), procesoare de semnal (DSP))

Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC)

Application-Specific Standard Products (ASSPd)

Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

Solutia “System on Chip” (SOC)

Utilizarea uP ca procesor de date

Microprocesorul este un circuit care incorporeaza toate functiile unei unitati centrale de prelucrare (CPU) pe un singur circuit integrat.

Unitatea centrala de prelucrare (CPU), denumita uneori procesor, este o componenta dintr-un microcalculator, care interpreteaza programul de instructiuni si proceseaza datele (efectueaza operatii aritmetice si logice).

Procesorul de date include, pe linga CPU, memorii (date/program), dispozitive intrare/iesire si dispozitve periferice. Un asemenea ansamblu reprezinta, in general, un microcalculator.

CARACTERISTICI

Putere de procesare ridicata,

Flexibilitate in aplicatii,

Complexitate ridicata a circuitelor.

CONCLUZIE: Aceasta solutie este rar utilizata in sistemele dedicate,fara a fi total exclusa. Este, insa, o solutie tipica pentru microcalculatoarele din calculatoarele de uz general (in particular, calculatoarele personale).