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Definition
- Communication is a process that allows
organisms to exchange information by
several methods.
- Communication can be defined as the
process of meaningful interaction among
human beings. It is the act of passing
information and the process by which
meanings are exchanged so as to produce
understanding.
Classification
Standard
Business Intercultural
Standard
Specific language for:
- inviting
- suggesting
- advising
- accepting / refusing
- expressing opinions / preferences
- giving directions / orders
- specifying facts / locations / attitudes
Business
Dealing with specific lexical elements
Managing vocabulary regarding:
- telephoning
- e-mailing, writing business letters
- making presentations
- negotiating
- debating in / conducting meetings
- winning cooperation / trust
Intercultural
Concerns the background particularities (national/
geographic culture, social environment, ethnic/ racial/
group behaviour):
- Perception
- Belief, value, attitude systems
- World view
- Social organization
- Verbal processes
- Patterns of thoughts
- Nonverbal processes
- Behaviour
- Concept of time and space
Giving Directions
- When guiding somebody or being themselves instructed on where to go to be
able to reach a certain location in a town, people need some specific vocabulary,
especially certain verbs forming expressions:
- Go (straight) ahead
- on (up to the u-turn)
- back (ward) / forward
- up (on) (the …street/road)
- down (the …lane/path)
- along (the river)
- Follow the sidewalk/ rail/ road/ sign/ map/ guide/ traffic directions…
- Turn to the left (at the next crossroads)
- right
- round the corner / around / back
- Take the first/second/… turn to the l/r (on the … street)
- Cross the street (at the zebra crossing) (when the traffic light is green)
- the park
- the river
- Stop (at the red light/ railway signal)
- (to check) (to ask for further information)
- Pass (by the hotel (on your right))…
Expressing Location
- For showing
the positioning
of somebody
or something
at a certain
moment, the
prepositions
are of great
use. They can
combine with
certain nouns
– buildings or
places – to
denote
locations in a
town etc. 1in - not at or on (how some of the expressions are formed in
Romanian: 'la spital', 'pe câmp')
Giving Suggestions, Inviting and Advising
- Some
expressions
are useful
when wanting
to give advice
about a
certain flow of
events, to
invite
somebody to
join or to
suggest
him/her some
activity. These
special
expressions
are
characterized
by different
grammatical
structures that
follow them: Have you thought + of + Vb+ing ?
… you ought + to + Vb. .
Would you like + noun phrase / + to + Vb. ?
Conținut arhivă zip
- Communication.pdf
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