Omor calificat și uciderea la cererea victimei

I ABSTRACT

This license work is structurated in 4 chapters, each chapter being structured on many sections and subsections.

In the first chapter of this license work there were introduced general the right to life, the rules of domestic criminal law and regulations of international criminal law, which protected this.

The rules of domestic criminal law and regulations of international criminal law protect the most important of fundamental human rights approved and guaranteed constitutionally in Romania, in accordance with the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights. The analysis of the offenses relating to murder of the new Criminal Code envisages firstly, the reorganization of the texts that incriminate the criminal offences directed against human life and, secondly, highlights the news targeting the offenses of first-degree murder and sentencing regime.

The right to life is protected by the criminal law from the start of human life and until the death of the person, without distinction by gender, age, or other items that could be included in a discriminatory view.

Legal protection of the right to life was strengthened by the adoption in 1948 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which enshrined in Article 3 that "everyone has the right to life, liberty and security. " The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, adopted by UN General Assembly on 16.12.1966 and entered into force on 11.20.1974, it is stated in Article 6 that "All human beings have the inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law. No one shall be deprived of his life arbitrarily.

In the new penal code the chapter regarding crime against life is circumscribed to crimes against person and includes: art. 188 - murder, art. 189 - first-degree murder, art. 190 - murder at the request of the victim, art. 191 - causing or aiding suicide and art. 192 - involuntary manslaughter. Old criminal law had a different structure

In the second two chapters I analized the first-degree murder- art. 189. and the murder at the request of the victim-art. 190. Ncp. In both case i write about the changes, the legal content, the pre-existing conditions, the onstitutive Contents, the forms, methods and sanctions of the crimes, and i compared with the law of other countries.

The murder at the request of the victim, is the murder committed at the explicit, serious, conscious and repeated request of the victim suffering from an incurable disease or severe disability certified medically, causing permanent and unbearable suffering. The punishment is imprisonment from 1 to 5 years.

Manslaughter committed in certain circumstances increases the degree of social danger, as for the way it was committed, the passive subject over whom the criminal activity is reflected, status of second offence or subjective position of the offender. These considerations underlie the regulation of aggravated forms of the offense of murder, contained in art. 189 of the Criminal Code under the name of first-degree murder, under which killing is worse if it is committed in the following circumstances: a) with premeditation, b) of interest, c) to avoid one`s self or another`s criminal liability or execution of a sentence, d) to facilitate or conceal the commission of another crime e) by a person who has previously committed a crime of murder or attempted murder and, f) on two or more persons, g) on a pregnant woman and h) with cruelty. The punishment for the first-degree murder is imprisonment from 15 to 25 years and deprivation of certain rights.

The last chapter i attached a case of judicial practice.

At the end of the license work there were mentioned the bibliographic, sources that were used and the conclusions.

II OBIECTIVELE LUCRĂRII

Omorul calificat și uciderea la cererea victimei fac parte dintre infracțiuni contra vieții, care încalcă drepturile nostru fundamentale, cum sunt: dreptul la viața. Apărarea vieții persoanei și îndeosebi, a vieții, constituie o preocupare constant, comună tuturor sistemelor de drept. Din orice orănduire socială, viața find ocrotită de lege ca fenomen social, ca valoare primară și absolută a oricărei socitați, ca o condiție indispensabilă a însăși existenței socității omenești.

Principalul motiv pentru care am ales subiectul acesta este acela de a înțelege mai bine modul în care infracțiunea este comisă și încadrarea ei juridică. Continuând cu această perspectivă, mi-am pus întrebarea că: Care este diferență dintre două infractori, care decide despre viața al altei persoane. Lângă faptul că săvârșirea infracțiunii au aceași rezultat, adică moartea persoanei, între sancțiunea de omor calificat(care este considerat ca circumstanțe agravantă al omorului) și uciderea la cererea victimei(circumstanța atenuată al omorului simplu) este o diferență izbitoare.

În al doilea rând, infracțiunea contra vieții este una dintre cele mai frecvent raportată infracțiuni atât în țara noastră, cât și în alte țări.

În al treilea rând, omorul calificat a trecut peste multe modificări în ultimii ani.

În al patrulea rând, uciderea la cererea victimei este sancționată în țara noastră, dar în mai multe țări este permis sub nume de “euthanasie”.

În final, în ceea ce privește aceste infracțiuni, ar fi necesar să aplicăm sancțiuni mai grave, ca să reducem statistica cu privire la uciderea persoanei, inclusive să aplicăm și pedeapsa cu moarte.