Evoluția comerțului exterior în Republica Moldova - studiu de caz

Introduction

The actuality of the topic. Nowadays, no country, whatever its size or wealth, can not provide all the products it needs only with its own production. As a result, each country is forced to conduct foreign trade activity. Foreign trade activity includes: the relationship with other countries on the sale and purchase or trade in goods, services, transport and international shipments, design and execution of works, assistance or technical cooperation, sale or purchase of licenses to use patents or technological processes, or consignment store, representation and commission, financial transactions, insurance and tourism and, in general, any act or acts of commerce.

Traditional forms of foreign trade are:

a) import of goods, which are all commercial transactions which buy goods from other countries and make the country productive and unproductive consumption, in a broader sense, includes the importation and import so-called invisible, or services procured from a particular country from other countries in transport, insurance, credit, tourism, etc. licenses.

b) export of goods, which are all commercial transactions in which a part of goods produced or processed in a country to sell in other countries, in a broader sense, and exports include so-called invisible exports.

Along with traditional forms of foreign trade, expansion of increasingly large knows today, international economic cooperation. This represents a superior form of economic links between states, which are interwoven with the elements of the production of field movement, those of economic and scientific and technical, involving the existence of closer ties and longer periods between partners. Increase Economic of any country is the result of combined action of two categories of factors: internal and external. The house, tied to efforts that make each nation to develop the economy, have a role. The external circuit connected to the participation of countries in global economic growth to directly influence through domestic factors multiplying them or decreasing their power.

Among external factors, a particularly important and growing foreign trade has. The influence of this factor on growth is exercised in many forms. First, ensuring the implementation of foreign trade to achieve social product even in circumstances where demand structure differs from the structure of supply.

The purpose and objectives of the work: to analyze the development of foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova over the period of transition to market economy and economic growth in the first seven years of Century XXI. The impact of export development on socio-economic situation of the country in general and international competitiveness. Search methods to boost exports. The evolution of trade relations of the Republic of Moldova.

The importance of the project. This paper contains a detailed analysis of foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova in terms of socio-economic and in terms of the country's international competitiveness .

The conclusions were proposed a number of ways to boost exports, the international practice, which can be used both in the economy of Moldova.

In Chapter I “Place and Role of Foreign Trade in the Economy” of the work are general characteristics about foreign trade and general fundamental processes of the role of foreign trade in economic development.

In Chapter II "Evolution of foreign trade in Moldova 1997-2008" has been thoroughly examined Moldova's foreign trade in the years 1997-2008 periods, in terms of structure group of goods exported and geographical structure of foreign trade. They also highlighted the main trends and features of Moldova's foreign trade.

In Chapter III “Wine Sub – Sector” The medium to longer term development prospects in the sector will crucially depend on moving up the quality chain to retain market share in the traditional markets of Russia and the CIS and gain a foot hold in newer markets of the EU.

Chapter I : The Place and Role of Foreign Trade in the Economy

1.1 The concept and general characteristics of foreign trade

Foreign trade - is a separate branch of national economy including trade and economic cooperation operations, technical and scientific relations with other countries on the sale of goods, works, services, licenses, decorations or deposit, representing the commission, financial operations, insurance, tourism and, in general, any act or acts of commerce1.

In our time, no country, whatever its size or wealth, can not provide all the products it needs only its own production. As a result, each country is forced to conduct foreign trade activity.

Foreign trade activity includes:

the relationship with other countries on the purchase or exchange of goods, services, transport and international shipments, design and execution of works, assistance and technical cooperation, sale or purchase of licenses to use patents or technological processes, or consignment store, representation and commission, financial transactions, insurance and tourism and, in general, any act or acts of commerce.

As noted, foreign trade activity is assigned a very large content: with traditional forms of foreign trade and economic cooperation shall include technical and scientific.