International economic cooperation and its role in the development of national economies

Introduction

Economic theory says that any country trying to find the " magic formula " economic policy , which could simultaneously achieve maximum principal objectives : growth, full employment , price stability , social equity , balance of external payments . In fact, application of the " magic formula " is impossible and , usually, there is some compromise between the objectives. However, at each stage of economic development , every country has specific priorities. The о part of transition countries , including Moldova is today the number one step in goal for them is getting growth. International Economic Cooperation , Ministry of Economy and has focused on boosting bilateral relations with external partners and multilateral cooperation in regional economic organizations in order to support the process of economic reforms .

A significant contribution in establishing economic relations between states are intergovernmental commission , which gives dynamism and mutual cooperation relations in the dialogue economic , social , cultural and exchange of experience and good practice between Moldova and partner countries. Expanding the legal framework governing bilateral trade and economic relations and investment activity represents a different direction by the Ministry of Economy in the field, having the purpose of this exercise based on the potential for cooperation between Moldova and external partners .

Chapter I.

Theory of International Economic Cooperation

1.1. The concept of economic cooperation

Specialization and international division of labor places international economic relations on a new course, determined by the need and struggle to get access to the latest achievements of science and technology universal and access to capital resources and information that form different structure and size in the national economies or in the unions of countries separately

The classic commercial type to have access to all this no longer meets modern needs and rhythms needed to apply new discoveries or new technologies.

Differences technological level, the availability of capital, scientific and financial resources of national economies require new ways of cooperation between States or between companies in different countries as well as between firms located in the same state.

In the 60 - 70 have appeared in the international environment and affirming are currently a number of business forms and techniques that exceed the strict exchange of goods and specific timeframe traditional export-import contracts .

These new types of operations are included in the literature or in the broad category of international economic cooperation or strategic alliances in the category , with two large groups : competitive and cooperative alliances industry or group of international technology transfer techniques .

Competitive alliances are complex networks of communication established between firms in order to make lucrative targets in the areas of marketing and marketing production , research and development etc. . Typically , this category includes marketing agreements , licensing operations , fransizare , joint ventures .

The main reasons of competitive alliances consist mainly in technological complementarity , increasing convergence of interests and competitive position through joint action . This means that it starts from the idea of highlighting the specific capacity of each partner through an arrangement of mutual benefits .

Another reason alliances is the common interests of the parties, which may be the basis for cooperation in marketing and production forms ranging from simple mutual distribution agreement merchandise to understanding the design manufacture and product development. Specific these arrangements is the spirit of cooperation that dominate relations between partners, arranging private interests in relation to common goals.

Therefore, alliances are usually associated with forms of economic cooperation, they tend to be done on a longer period of time and evolve to institutional formulas (eg joint ventures).